Rhinoceros beetle larva thiab cov neeg laus nrog lub horn ntawm nws lub taub hau
Qhov kev txiav txim Coleoptera yog suav tias yog qhov sib txawv tshaj plaws thiab nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj hauv ntiaj teb. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, pawg kab no suav nrog txog 390 txhiab kab sib txawv uas tam sim no nyob hauv ntiaj teb, thiab ntau ntawm lawv yog cov tsiaj tshwj xeeb.
Txheem
Rhinoceros beetles: yees duab
Leej twg yog rhinoceros beetle
lub npe: Common rhinoceros kab
Xyoo.: Oryctes nasicornisChav Kawm: Kab - Kab
Detachment: Coleoptera - Cov
Tsev Neeg: Lamellar - Scarabaeidae
 | Habitats: | nyob txhua qhov chaw, hauv huab cua sov |
 | Txaus ntshai rau: | cov txiaj ntsig, rov siv cov khoom seem |
 | Txhais tau tias kev puas tsuaj: | tsis tas yuav rhuav tshem |
Cov kab rhinoceros yog ib qho ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm lamellar beetle tsev neeg. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no yog qhov nyuaj rau tsis meej pem nrog leej twg, vim lawv Lub ntsiab txawv feature yog ib tug ntev nkhaus loj hlob ntawm lub taub hau, heev reminiscent nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug rhinoceros horn. Nws yog ua tsaug rau qhov no feature uas kab ntawm no hom yog nicknamed rhinoceros beetles.
Qhov tshwm sim thiab lub cev qauv ntawm rhinoceros kab
| Lub cev loj thiab cov duab | Lub cev ntawm tus neeg laus rhinoceros beetle tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 2,5-4,5 cm. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub taub hau, pronotum thiab elytra ib txwm muaj qhov ci ntsa iab. Cov duab ntawm lub cev yog dav heev, thiab nws sab sauv yog convex. |
| Lub taub hau | Lub taub hau me me thiab zoo li daim duab peb sab. Kav hlau txais xov thiab ob lub qhov muag nyob ntawm ob sab. Cov kav hlau txais xov muaj 10 ntu thiab muaj lub club lamellar ntawm qhov kawg, yam ntxwv ntawm nws tsev neeg. |
| Beetle Horn | Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub taub hau, muaj ib tug ntev nkhaus horn. Qhov no ntawm lub cev yog tsim tau zoo tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tsis siv los ua riam phom rau kev tiv thaiv lossis kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum lub caij sib tw, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub cev ci ntsa iab tseem tsis paub. Raws li rau cov poj niam, tsuas yog ib tug me me tubercle tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub horn. |
| Tis | Cov kab rhinoceros muaj cov tis tsim tau zoo thiab txawm tias nws lub cev hnyav, cov kab no tuaj yeem ya tau zoo heev. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sim kev tshawb fawb, nws tau ua pov thawj tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua kev ya mus txuas ntxiv mus txog li 50 km. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntseeg tias, muab cov qauv ntawm lawv lub cev thiab tag nrho cov kev cai lij choj uas twb muaj lawm ntawm aerodynamics, rhinoceros beetles yuav tsum tsis txhob ya. |
| Paws | Cov ceg ntawm cov rhinoceros beetle muaj zog. Ob txhais ceg pem hauv ntej yog tsim los rau kev khawb thiab yog li nruab nrog dav, tiaj tus shins, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hniav raws ntug sab nrauv. Lub tibiae ntawm nruab nrab thiab posterior khub kuj me ntsis widened thiab serrated. Ntawm lub paws ntawm tag nrho peb khub ntawm ceg ceg muaj ntev thiab muaj zog claws. |
Rhinoceros beetle larva
Ib tug me nyuam mos rhinoceros beetle larva ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm tsuas yog 2-3 cm, tab sis ua tsaug rau active pub, nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos nws loj hlob mus rau ib tug impressive loj. Thaum lub sijhawm pupation, qhov ntev ntawm nws lub cev tuaj yeem ncav cuag 8-11 cm.
Kev ua neej nyob ntawm ib tug rhinoceros kab
Cov kab laus rhinoceros tsis nyob ntev heev - los ntawm 2 mus rau 4 lub hlis. Hauv cov huab cua sib txawv, lawv lub davhlau pib thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav lig lossis nruab nrab lub caij ntuj sov.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm imago yog tawm hauv qab cov xeeb ntxwv.
Poj niam rhinoceros beetle.
Qee cov kws tshawb fawb sib cav hais tias kab ntawm theem no tsis pub, tab sis tsuas yog siv cov khoom khaws cia thaum lub sij hawm larval.
Beetle kev ua si tshwm sim thaum tsaus ntuj thiab tsaus ntuj. Qee zaum, "rhinos," zoo li lwm cov kab nocturnal, ya mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb ci. Thaum nruab hnub, beetles feem ntau nkaum hauv tsob ntoo hollows los yog txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov av.
Tsis ntev tom qab mating thiab nteg qe, cov laus rhinoceros beetles tuag. Kab tawm lawv oviposition ze rau ib qho khoom noj uas tsim nyog:
- rotten stumps;
- dung heaps;
- compost pits;
- sawdust;
- rotten trunks;
- hollow
Cov larvae noj zaub mov feem ntau suav nrog cov ntoo, cov nroj tsuag thiab cov nroj tsuag decaying. Qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem hloov mus rau cov hauv paus hniav, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov qoob loo hauv qab no:
- tawg paj;
- txiv duaj;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- apricots
Qhov chaw faib khoom
Qhov ntau ntawm rhinoceros beetles npog feem ntau ntawm sab hnub tuaj hemisphere. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam thiab lub teb chaws hauv qab no:
- Central thiab Southern Europe;
- North Africa;
- Asia Minor thiab Central Asia;
- Northeast Qaib ntxhw;
- Txoj kab nruab nrab;
- Cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm Russia;
- Western Siberia;
- Southwestern thaj tsam ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Is Nrias teb;
- North Kazakhstan.
Tsuas yog cov xwm txheej ntawm British Isles, sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm Russia, Iceland thiab Scandinavian lub teb chaws tau ua tsis zoo rau lub neej ntawm beetles ntawm hom no.
Habitat
Thaum xub thawj, "rhinoceros" nyob tshwj xeeb hauv hav zoov deciduous, tab sis vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv ntiaj teb, lawv yuav tsum tau txav mus dhau lawv qhov chaw ib txwm muaj. Tam sim no, rhinoceros kab tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv qee hom av thiab nyob ze tib neeg.
Cov chaw yooj yim:
- hav zoov shelterbelts;
- steppes;
- semi-deserts;
- taiga.
Cov neeg nyob ze:
- tsev cog khoom;
- tsev cog khoom;
- dung heaps;
- compost pits.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm rhinoceros beetle nyob rau hauv xwm
Ib tug beetle nrog ib tug horn ntawm nws lub taub hau.
Rhinoceros beetle larvae tsis tshua noj ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob thiab ua li ntawd tsuas yog thaum tsis muaj lwm yam khoom noj. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis yog kab tsuag thiab lawv ua mob rau cov nroj tsuag cog yog cais tawm. Kev tshawb fawb paub tsawg heev txog kev noj haus ntawm cov neeg laus, thiab yog li ntawd lawv kuj tsis raug suav hais tias yog kab tsuag ntawm cov qoob loo lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Rhinoceros beetle neeg laus thiab larvae tuav ib qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab suav nrog hauv kev noj haus ntawm ntau cov tsiaj me me, xws li:
- noog
- amphibians;
- cov tsiaj me;
- cov tsiaj reptiles.
Cov larvae ntawm hom no kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev noj cov ntoo tuag thiab lwm cov nroj tsuag khib nyiab. Yog li ntawd, lawv ho ceev cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv decomposition.
Kev txuag ntawm rhinoceros beetles
Rhinoceros kab.
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj no tau dav heev thiab tau yoog mus rau lub neej sab nraum lawv qhov chaw ib puag ncig. Tab sis tseem, lawv cov lej tau maj mam txo qis thiab qhov no feem ntau yog vim tib neeg kev ua haujlwm.
Cov neeg txiav ntoo ntau ntau txhua xyoo, thiab thawj zaug lawv siv cov nroj tsuag qub thiab kab mob uas pib tuag. Vim li no, tus nqi ntawm cov ntoo lwj, uas yog cov khoom noj rau rhinoceros beetle larvae, txo qis txhua xyoo.
Tam sim no, rhinoceros beetles raug tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws hauv qab no:
- Czech;
- Slovakia;
- Poland
- Moldova.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, hom kab no txawm muaj npe nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm cov cheeb tsam hauv qab no:
- Astrakhan cheeb tsam;
- koom pheej ntawm Karelia;
- Lub koom pheej ntawm Mordovia;
- cheeb tsam Saratov;
- cheeb tsam Stavropol;
- cheeb tsam Vladimir;
- Kaluga cheeb tsam;
- Kostroma cheeb tsam;
- Lipetsk cheeb tsam;
- Lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan;
- Chechen koom pheej;
- Lub koom pheej ntawm Khakassia.
Nthuav lus tseeb txog rhinoceros beetles
Txawm hais tias nws qhov kev faib tawm thoob plaws, cov tsiaj no tseem tsis tau kawm tsis zoo. Muaj ob peb yam ntawm rhinoceros beetle uas xav tsis thoob txawm tias cov kws tshawb fawb.
Rhinoceros beetles yog cov kab loj, cov kab loj thiab lawv cov tis me dhau rau lub cev hnyav. Tsis yog ib txoj cai lij choj niaj hnub no ntawm aerodynamics tuaj yeem piav qhia ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab no ya.
Thaum raug ultraviolet rays, elytra ntawm rhinoceros beetles tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov plaub hau ntawm nws lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm electrostatic. Yog hais tias ib tug ya rhinoceros beetle poob rau hauv ib tug neeg thaum yav tsaus ntuj, tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav hnov mob hluav taws xob me ntsis.
Feem ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog rhinoceros beetles, rau qhov tsis paub yog vim li cas, tau muab faib ua "ceev" thiab "rau kev siv", yog li muaj cov ncauj lus qhia ntxaws me ntsis txog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no hauv pej xeem sau.
xaus
Rhinoceros beetles yog cov tsiaj tshwj xeeb thiab ntau yam ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv, txawm tias lawv qhov chaw nyob dav, tseem tsis tau tshawb nrhiav. Qhov tseeb hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj no maj mam zuj zus ntxiv lawv qhov tseem ceeb, vim hais tias rhinoceros beetles tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug unsolved paub tsis meej ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, tab sis kuj tiag tiag hav zoov orderlies.
Yav dhau los