4 txoj hauv kev kom tshem tau cov aphids dub sai thiab yooj yim
Cov ntshav dub aphid raug cais raws li hom kev cais tawm. Thaum pib, nws lub tebchaws yog North America. Txawm li cas los xij, 2 centuries dhau los, kab tau coj mus rau Tebchaws Europe. Cov kab tsuag tshuav nws lub npe rau cov xim liab ntawm lub cev nqaij.
Txheem
Kev piav qhia ntawm aphid dub
lub npe: Dub los yog Cherry aphid
Xyoo.:Myzus cerasiChav Kawm: Kab - Kab
Cov tshuaj tsis zoo: Hemiptera - Hemiptera
Tsev neegAphids tiag tiag - Aphididae
Habitats: | huab cua sov | |
Nta: | loj heev cuam tshuam cov ntoo txiv ntoo | |
Kev puas tsuaj: | hem cov qoob loo poob txog li 60% |
Lub neej voj voog
Qhov chaw ntawm wintering ntawm larvae yog cov hauv paus hniav ntawm txiv apples, kab nrib pleb nyob rau hauv lub bark thiab trunks. Qhov pib ntawm sap flow coincides nrog kev tso tawm ntawm larvae. Lawv nyob hauv lub crown, nqus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ntoo thiab tawv ntoo.
Lub hatching ntawm founders tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. American elm ntseeg tau tias yog thawj tus tswv tsev ntawm cov tsiaj hauv North America. Nws yog nyob ntawm nws uas cov founders yog tsim, uas tsim lub winged tiam.
Thaum kub qis dua 20 degrees qis dua xoom, cov larvae tuag. Tsaus tshwm sim ntawm 7 degrees Celsius. Ntawm 14 degrees Celsius, kev noj zaub mov pib. Kev loj hlob tshwm sim hauv 20 - 25 hnub.
Lub sijhawm tsim kho luv tshaj plaws yog 10 hnub. Qhov no yog ua tau nyob rau hauv lig Lub rau hli ntuj - nruab nrab Lub yim hli ntuj. Thawj tiam neeg loj tshaj plaws. Lawv tsim txog li 200 larvae. Lwm tiam neeg tsis pub ntau tshaj 50 tus neeg.
Cov larvae tsim cov poj niam wingless. Thaum yug me nyuam, muaj 150 tus neeg. Tom qab 3 lub lis piam, cov larvae dhau los ua poj niam. Lub Tsib Hlis yog lub sijhawm pom cov poj niam tis. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub, lub larvae nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav thiab mus txuas ntxiv tsim.
Habitat thiab faib
Cov ntshav aphid nyob hauv Western Baltic, Transcarpathia, thaj tsam yav qab teb ntawm Ukraine, Moldova, Caucasus, Central Asia, Western Europe, America, Africa, Australia, thiab Transnistria. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, sab qaum teb ciam teb yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas qhov kub ntawm lub caij ntuj no tsis qis dua 4 degrees hauv qab xoom.
Parasites yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv drought. Cov pej xeem coob yog txhawb nqa los ntawm huab cua ntub thiab qhov chaw ntxoov ntxoo.
Economic tseem ceeb
Nqus tawm cov kua txiv nodular thickenings - nodules. Lawv loj hlob thiab ulcers tshwm. Tib qhov txhab muaj nyob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Cov kab mob muaj cov kab mob putrefactive, uas ua rau tuag taus. Ib tsob ntoo laus tom qab ob peb xyoos tsis txi txiv thiab ploj mus.
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, aphids dub pub rau txiv apples, hawthorn, elm, thiab roob tshauv. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, nws ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau cov txiv apples thiab cov ntoo cherry. Feem ntau kev sib tw ntau yam ntawm kab lis kev cai. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau pear thiab txiv duaj.
Txoj kev tswj thiab tiv thaiv
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv, nco ntsoov loosen cov av thiab tshuaj xyuas cov khoom cog.
- Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom lub vaj huv si, tsis tu ncua txiav cov saum thiab ntxuav cov tawv tawv qub, npog cov ntoo cuam tshuam nrog xuab zeb lossis tshauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
- Koj tuaj yeem siv slaked txiv qaub. Ib tug ntxhia-roj emulsion ua ntej lub buds swell yuav muab ib tug zoo tshwm sim.
- Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, lawv tau kho nrog xab npum-tshuaj yej. Koj tuaj yeem nyiam tus yeeb ncuab ntuj. Qhov no yog aphelinus parasite. Nws muaj peev xwm rhuav tshem tag nrho cov colony.
- Cov txheej txheem tshuaj yog nqa tawm siv pyrethroids, organophosphorus tebchaw, neonicotinoids, ntxhia roj, tshuaj tua kab nrog nicotine.
Koj tuaj yeem kov yeej aphids siv pej xeem txoj kev lossis tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum xaiv ib qho ntawm 26 txoj hauv kev los daws aphids.
xaus
Dub aphids rhuav tshem cherries thiab txiv apples. Thaum pom cov kab tsuag thawj zaug, ib txoj hauv kev raug xaiv thiab kev sib ntaus tawm tsam lawv pib. Kev tiv thaiv raws sij hawm yuav tiv thaiv qhov tsos ntawm cov kab tsis zoo.